📄 Category

obstetrics and gynecology

54 papers

Obstetrics and gynecology encompasses the vital care of women's health throughout life, from reproductive wellness and pregnancy to menopause and beyond. This dynamic field explores the complex biological processes of childbirth, the prevention of diseases affecting female reproductive organs, and the latest advancements in maternal safety. It is a discipline deeply rooted in both immediate clinical impact and long-term public health strategies.

On Gist.Science, we continuously monitor medRxiv for the newest preprints in this category, ensuring you have instant access to cutting-edge research before formal publication. Our team processes every new submission to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations, making these complex studies understandable for everyone from specialists to curious readers.

Below are the latest papers in obstetrics and gynecology, offering fresh insights into the future of women's healthcare.

📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Mifepristone Priming with Misoprostol versus Intracervical Foley's Catheter with Misoprostol for Induction of Labour in Late Second and Third Trimester Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Prospective Comparative Study

This prospective comparative study conducted in India demonstrates that while both mifepristone-misoprostol and Foley's catheter-misoprostol regimens are safe and effective for inducing labour in cases of intrauterine fetal death beyond 24 weeks, the mifepristone-primed approach offers significant advantages by shortening the induction-to-delivery interval, reducing misoprostol requirements, and substantially decreasing procedural pain.

Das, B., Garg, P.2026-08-10
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Amniotic fluid extracellular vesicle proteome reveals fetal response to congenital cytomegalovirus infection

This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that proteomic analysis of amniotic fluid extracellular vesicles reveals distinct inflammatory, immune, and neurodevelopmental protein signatures in fetuses with severe congenital cytomegalovirus infection, providing a foundation for future hypothesis-driven research into fetal pathophysiology.

Atukorala, I., Beard, S., Ang, C.-S., Valimehr, S., de Catte, L., Hannan, N., Hui, L.2026-07-23
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

EASing Oxytocin in Early Labour - OUTcomes for Mothers and Babies (EASE-OUT): a feasibility randomised controlled trial

The EASE-OUT feasibility trial demonstrated that a multicentre, double-blind randomised controlled trial comparing halved versus routine-concentration oxytocin infusions during active labour for women undergoing induction is feasible in real-world maternity settings, achieving successful recruitment, randomisation, and high data completeness without observed safety concerns.

Krisanaleela, A., Bruce, B. R., Phipps, H., Morton, R., Hyett, J. A., Tarnow-Mordi, W., Gordon, A., Pakzadian, S., Lawre (…)2026-07-21
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Risk Screening in a Medicaid-Managed Pregnancy Medical Home: The Need to Center Maternal Health Outcomes in Public Health Programming

This study evaluates North Carolina's Medicaid Pregnancy Medical Home program and finds that while its prenatal risk screening effectively identifies risks for adverse neonatal outcomes, it poorly predicts adverse maternal events, highlighting a critical need to center maternal health alongside neonatal outcomes in public health programming.

Dissanayake, M. V., Mallampati, D. P., Vladutiu, C. J., Menard, M. K.2026-07-19
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Predictors of Pregnancy-Related Anemia: A Logistic Regression Study at a Maternity Facility in Ghana.

This cross-sectional study conducted in Ghana utilized logistic regression on secondary data from a maternity facility to identify diastolic blood pressure, height, initial hemoglobin levels, maternal weight, gestational age, sickle cell status, and employment status as significant predictors of pregnancy-related anemia, underscoring the need for integrated clinical and sociodemographic risk assessments in antenatal care.

Kusi, R. Y., Anyan, F. Y., Agyekum, G. O.2026-07-19
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Development and external validation of deep learning models for spontaneous preterm birth prediction from mid-trimester cervical ultrasound

This study developed and externally validated deep learning and multimodal models for predicting spontaneous preterm birth using mid-trimester cervical ultrasound, finding that while internal performance was modest, external validation yielded poor results likely due to the heterogeneity of preterm birth, suggesting a need for subtype-specific modeling and additional biomarkers.

Chanian, R., Mishra, D., Jain, R., Sharma, N., Khurana, A., Tripathi, R., Tripathi, A., group, G.-I. s., Wadhwa, N., Nob (…)2026-07-19
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Efficacy of Gene III(R) L-Ergothioneine Capsules on Postpartum Fatigue, Sleep Quality, and Quality of Life: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial demonstrates that 30 days of 120 mg/day Ergothioneine supplementation safely and significantly accelerates postpartum functional recovery, alleviating fatigue and sleep disturbances within 15 days while concurrently improving hepatic enzyme levels.

Liu, W., Guo, C., Ding, W., Cao, J., Tong, T., Zhou, S., Shao, F., Xiao, G.2026-07-18
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Comparing measured and calculated blood loss after a caesarean birth

This secondary analysis of the I'M WOMAN trial data reveals that while measured and calculated blood loss methods show weak correlation and calculated loss overestimates high-volume thresholds, measured blood loss demonstrates superior predictive ability for severe maternal outcomes, though calculated loss remains a viable objective alternative when direct measurement is not feasible.

Mansukhani, R., Arribas, M., Bello, N., Chaudhri, R., Geer, A., Ker, K., Muganyizi, P., Prowse, D., Roberts, I.2026-07-18
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Menstrual Cycle Changes among Reproduction-Aged Iranian Women Following COVID-19 Vaccination

This cross-sectional study of Iranian women of reproductive age found that a significant proportion experienced self-limiting menstrual cycle alterations, such as oligomenorrhea, menorrhagia, and hypomenorrhea, following COVID-19 vaccination, with prevalence rates varying by dose and highlighting the need for improved post-vaccination monitoring and counseling.

Azad, A., Darsareh, F., Ebrahimi abshur, M., Hajisafari, M., Mahmoudi Essaabadi, A.2026-07-16
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

From Christmas sex to winter intimacy: three decades of birth seasonality, sex ratio dynamics, and fertility change in South Africa, 1994-2024

This study analyzes South African birth data from 1994 to 2024 to reveal a significant shift from Christmas-season to winter conceptions, a stress-induced dip and subsequent spike in the sex ratio linked to the 2021 pandemic mortality peak, and an accelerating decline in annual fertility rates reaching a 30-year low in 2024.

Masukume, R., Chimberengwa, P. T., Masukume, G., Liczbinska, G., Grech, V., Mapanga, W.2026-07-15